For people with Nephrotic Syndrome, they release massive protein in urine and form proteinuria. Proteinuria is the dominant symptom of Nephrotic Syndrome and it can cause edema, hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidemia directly.
Protein is the essential nutrition of our body and can be divided into different types. Kidneys are responsible for filtering blood and when protein flow into kidney with blood, glomerular filtration membrane perform function to protect them from being leaked. Therefore, in normal cases, no protein be detected out in urine.
However, for people with Nephrotic Syndrome, their filtration membrane is damaged and protein can pass through casually. When protein flow through membrane and flow out of our body with urine, proteinuria is formed. Without timely and effective control, more and more protein leak out, as a result of which, protein content in blood decreases. Hypoalbuminemia refers to the illness condition where levels of albumin in blood serum are abnormally low.
Besides, because of great loss of protein in urine, plasma osmotic pressure decreases. Under such a conditon, fluid in blood ooze and into surrounding tissues. Edema is caused when there is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium.
Hyperlipidemia means high lipid level in blood and it also can be caused by serious loss of protein from urine. We know protein is the irreplaceable nutrition of our body. When large amounts of protein are lost from urine, our liver will produce some protein to meet our physical demand. When liver synthetizes protein, lipid is produced at the same time. For Nephrotic Syndrome patients, because of severe shortage of protein, their liver has to work continuously to produce protein. When this condition lasts for a long time, lipid content in blood increases and hyperlipidemia is caused.
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